Digital ibericity and technopolitics: data sovereignty, generative artificial intelligence and cybersecurity in the ibero-american space

Abstract

Introduction: This article investigates the intersection of technopolitics, artificial intelligence (AI) and digital infrastructure under the Neo-Ibericity paradigm. It analyses the capacity of Ibero-phone nations to articulate a strategic autonomy vis-à-vis the transnational technology oligopolies that dominate the logical infrastructure of the twenty-first century. Methodology: Through a systematic documentary review and comparative analysis of data from the Latin American Artificial Intelligence Index (ILIA) 2025, critical gaps are identified in supercomputing, data sovereignty and advanced human capital formation. Results: Digital sovereignty is not merely a normative matter but an infrastructural imperative that requires the creation of shared digital public goods. Significant structural asymmetries are found in computing capacity, specialised doctoral training and the production of indigenous linguistic corpora. Discussion: The findings propose regulatory harmonisation based on the AESIA model and the strengthening of transatlantic cybersecurity as axes of democratic defense against hegemonic technological actors. Conclusions: Control over physical and logical infrastructure and the development of indigenous language models in Spanish and Portuguese are the unavoidable first step to prevent Ibero-American cultural identity from being colonised by processes of mass data extraction.